Oil+rebuttal+page

For two minutes we will rebuttal, each person from our team will find disadvantages of other resources to prove that our source is better.

I will look up disadvantages to coal. - Maddi Coal is a chemically complex fuel. Whenever it is burned, gases are given off and particles of ash, called "fly ash", are released. The sulfur in coal combines with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide, which can be a major source of air pollution if emitted un large enough quantities. > Displacement of humans due to mining destruction - In west Bengal, India people are being displaced in huge numbers as the hollowing of the earth due to underground coal mining has made those places unsafe as the land caves in without warning.~Sam
 * Burning coal emits harmful waste such as carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphuric acids, arsenic and ash. It also emits twice as much carbon dioxide when compared with natural gas to produce the same level of heat, which increased the levels of harmful greenhouse gases emitted into the earth’s atmosphere. Carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels now account for about 65 per cent of the extra carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.
 * The burning of coal by large-scale factories to power industry has led to acid rain in some regions
 * Coal can be cleaned and/or turned into a liquid of gas but this technology has yet to be fully developed and adds to the expense of creating fuel via coal
 * Coal mining can scar the landscape and the equipment used for mining is large and noisy which may affect local wildlife
 * Transporting coal can be problematic because it requires an extensive transportation system and can also cause additional pollution in the form of emissions from transportation vehicles such as lorries, etc
 * There are limited stocks of coal remaining – they will be entirely depleted this millennium if we continue to burn coal in the future at the same rate we are today coal can be considered as a non-renewable energy source
 * Generation of Millions of tons of Waste - Coal Mining and Combustion generation millions of tons in waste products many of which can’t be reused.Many of these waste products contain harmful substances.
 * The mining industry can cause health difficulties for miners and fatalities due to the potentially dangerous nature of the work
 * Burning dirty coal can create significant pollution problems.
 * Coal mining deaths: Coal Mining has resulted in thousands of deaths each year ever since man discovered coal.Note Coal Deaths happen not only in countries which don’t have good safety regulations like China but also in developed countries like USA and New Zealand.

I will look up disadvantages to nuclear.- Gary The nations of the world now have more than enough nuclear bombs to kill every person on Earth. The two most powerful nations -- Russia and the United States -- have about 50,000 nuclear weapons between them. What if there were to be a nuclear war? What if terrorists got their hands on nuclear weapons? Or what if nuclear weapons were launched by accident?
 * Nuclear explosions produce [|radiation]. The nuclear radiation harms the cells of the body which can make people [|sick] or even kill them. Illness can strike people years after their exposure to nuclear radiation.
 * One possible type of reactor disaster is known as a **meltdown**. In such an accident, the fission reaction goes out of control, leading to a nuclear explosion and the emission of great amounts of radiation.
 * In 1979, the cooling system failed at the [|Three Mile Island nuclear reactor] near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Radiation leaked, forcing tens of thousands of people to flee. The problem was solved minutes before a total meltdown would have occurred. Fortunately, there were no deaths.
 * In 1986, a much worse disaster struck Russia's [|Chernobyl nuclear power plant]. In this incident, a large amount of radiation escaped from the reactor. Hundreds of thousands of people were exposed to the radiation. Several dozen died within a few days. In the years to come, thousands more may die of cancers induced by the radiation.
 * Nuclear reactors also have waste disposal problems. Reactors produce [|nuclear waste] products which emit dangerous radiation. Because they could kill people who touch them, they cannot be thrown away like ordinary garbage. Currently, many nuclear wastes are stored in special cooling pools at the nuclear reactors.
 * The United States plans to move its nuclear waste to a remote underground dump by the year 2010.
 * In 1957, at a dump site in Russia's Ural Mountains, several hundred miles from Moscow, buried nuclear wastes mysteriously exploded, killing dozens of people.
 * Nuclear reactors only last for about forty to fifty years.
 * http://library.thinkquest.org/3471/nuclear_energy_body.html

I will look up the disadvantages of wave energy-Andrew

Unpredictability

 * Wave power generators require a consistent flow of powerful waves in order to create a consistent energy output, according to the United States Minerals Management Service. Waves, created by the wind skimming over the ocean's surface, are fairly consistent in parts of the world, including the west coasts of the United States and Europe, the coast of Japan, and the coast of New Zealand. Those areas still experience unreliable wave behavior, though. Because waves are erratic, the amount of energy a wave generator can produce is unpredictable and, therefore, cannot be used as a sole reliable energy source.

Ecological Impact

 * Wave energy generators that are fixed, meaning attached to the seafloor or the shore, can cause disturbances in the seafloor and to marine ecosystems, according to the OCS Alternative Energy Program. Even above-water floating generators can disturb the natural marine habitat in a particular area and produce unforeseen outcomes. Although the generators cause no pollution once constructed, accidental hydraulic fluid leaks can cause a major __ [|environmental] __ problem.

Noise and Visual Pollution

 * Wave energy generators can cause noise pollution and be a nuisance to those living close to them, according to the UK Department for Business Innovation & Skills. The noise emanating from a generator, though, is often covered up by the noise of the waves. Wave power generators can also be unsightly to some. Floating devices are large snake-like machines floating parallel to one another throughout an area close to the seashore. Some may find them offensive or unpleasant.

Hazard to Boats
>
 * Because of their large nature, wave energy generators may cause problems with commercial shipping and other boats in the ocean, according to the OSC Alternative Energy Program. Boats not able to see the generators could cause a potential collision hazard and pose problems for the safety of both those on board and to the wave energy generator. A collision could cause a hydraulic spill or leak and become an environmental hazard.
 * found here: http://www.ehow.com/list_5974605_disadvantages-wave-energy.html

Read more: [|The Disadvantages of Wave Energy | eHow.com] [|http://www.ehow.com/list_5974605_disadvantages-wave-energy.html#ixzz1l9wJhgQL]

Wave energy isn't constant, if there aren't any waves, then the generator won't be powered. Also, the floating devices that go into the water can be hazardous to ships and to the environment if they have a hydraulic spill or leak. (I got this info here) not many people have tried to generate electricity this way yet so the equipment is expensive. got this info [|here]. I will look up disadvantages to solar. -Jessica The cost of solar panels is extremely high. It can cost more than $20,000. Solar panels can become damaged in areas that are polluted, and on a cloudy day or night, solar panels are useless. You need space to truly have enough energy- a problem in cities and highly populated areas, where everything is tightly packed. Also when living in cities or other places where things can obstruct the sun's light, you will not get much energy throughout the day.

[|resource] [|info resource] [|info from]

I will look for disadvantages on wind energy-Alexa

-In order for you to turn the blades on a wind turbine, you must have wind. Without this, you are dead in the water. So you must live in an area that has consistent wind. -If you do live along the coast, your personal property is rather expensive and you might not be able to afford the opportunity to afford the land, let alone a wind generator. -Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Some would feel that having 100 wind turbines sitting outside your picture window is an eyesore. -Some say that wind turbines give off interference to television and radio signals. -Some of these blades can have a span of 100 or more feet. if they are going fast enough, just like a propeller, you really do not see them. With that speed and length of blade, birds easily fly into the blade path and get killed. Some also say the hum of the blade is an attraction to birds and they are lured into the blade. -Another of the disadvantages of wind energy is that wind turbines are noisy. They have the hum and also a "whooshing noise" when the blade turns. http://www.alternative-energy-resources.net/disadvantages-of-wind-energy.html **1.** The strength of the wind is not constant and it varies from zero to storm force. This means that wind turbines do not produce the same amount of electricity all the time. There will be times when they produce no electricity at all. **2.** Many people feel that the countryside should be left untouched, without these large structures being built. The landscape should left in its natural form for everyone to enjoy. **3.** Wind turbines are noisy. Each one can generate the same level of noise as a family car travelling at 70 mph. **4.** Many people see large wind turbines as unsightly structures and not pleasant or interesting to look at. They disfigure the countryside and are generally ugly. **5.** When wind turbines are being manufactured some pollution is produced. Therefore wind power does produce some pollution. **6.** Large wind farms are needed to provide entire communities with enough electricity. For example, the largest single turbine available today can only provide enough electricity for 475 homes, when running at full capacity. http://www.technologystudent.com/energy1/wind8.htm
 * The main disadvantage regarding wind power is down to the winds unreliability factor. In many areas, the winds strength is too low to support a wind turbine or wind farm, and this is where the use of [|solar power] or [|geothermal power] could be great alternatives.
 * Wind turbines generally produce allot less electricity than the average fossil fuelled power station, requiring multiple wind turbines to be built in order to make an impact.
 * Wind turbine construction can be very expensive and costly to surrounding wildlife during the build process.
 * The noise pollution from commercial wind turbines is sometimes similar to a small jet engine. This is fine if you live miles away, where you will hardly notice the noise, but what if you live within a few hundred meters of a turbine? This is a major disadvantage.
 * Protests and/or petitions usually confront any proposed wind farm development. People feel the countryside should be left in tact for everyone to enjoy it's beauty
 * http://www.clean-energy-ideas.com/articles/advantages_and_disadvantages_of_wind_energy.html
 * 1) **Noise Disturbances** : Though wind energy is non pollution, the turbines may create a lot of noise. This alone is the reason that wind farms are not built near residential areas. People who live near by often complaint of huge noise that comes from wind turbines.


 * 1) **Threat to Wildlife** : Due to large scale construction of wind turbines on remote location, it could be a threat to wild life near by. Few studies have been done by wind turbines to determine the effect of wind turbines on birds and animals and the evidence is clear that animals see wind turbines as a threat to their life. Also, wind turbines require them to be digged deep into the earth which could have negative effect on the underground habitats.


 * 1) **Wind Can Never Be Predicted** : The main disadvantage of wind energy is that wind can never be predicted. In areas where large amount of wind is needed or winds strength is too low to support wind turbine, there solar or geothermal energy could prove to be great alternatives. That is one of the reasons that most of the companies determine wind turbine layout, power curve, thrust curve, long term wind speed before deploying wind turbines.


 * 1) **Suited To Particular Region** : Wind turbines are suited to the coastal regions which receive wind throughout the year to generate power. So countries who do not have any coastal or hilly areas may not be able to take any advantage of wind power. The location of a wind power system is crucial, and one should determine the best possible location for wind turbine in order to capture as much wind as possible.


 * 1) **Visual Impact** : Though many people believe that wind turbines actually look nice but majority of them disagree. People consider wind turbines to have an undesirable experience. Petitions usually comes in court before any proposed wind farm development but few people think otherwise and feel they should be kept in tact for everyone to enjoy its beauty.http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/Disadvantages_WindEnergy.php

I will look up disadvantages of tidal-Bailey Right now tides do not produce a lot of electricity so its not very efficient. Barrages across river estuaries can change the flow of the water, and because of that it is the place for birds and other wildlife to live, because of this, there are some wildlife that could be in danger. found here: www.odec.ca/projects/2007/clar7s3/index_files/Page567.htm


 * DISADVANTAGES**


 * ·** It changes the coastline completely and the estuaries are flooded so any mud flats or habitats that birds or animals live on are destroyed


 * ·** Initial building cost is very expensive


 * ·** Water is not replenished, it cannot flow away so any dirt or pollution lingers around the coast much longer


 * ·** Silt builds up behind the barrage


 * ·** Disrupts creatures’ migration in the oceans


 * ·** Needs a very big piece of sea to be cost effective


 * ·** Not many sites suitable for this kind of power generation; building the barrage

http://library.thinkquest.org/06aug/01335/tidal.htm
 * ·** Only produces power for about 10 hours of the day

> I'm doing natural gas Gage west1.Natural gas is a highly flammable substance and it needs to be produced in highly managed circumstances. > 2.Creating and managing the pipelines used to transport natural gas can be costly. > 3.Natural gas is considered to be a non-renewable energy source and will run out eventually if our current usage levels continue. > 4.Natural gas is colourless, odourless and tasteless which can make finding potentially hazardous leaks difficult. > > __//**i think we should go against tidal i have a lot of disadvantages for them.**//__
 * Tidal Power Cons**
 * 1) **High Initial Capital Investment** - Tidal Barrages require massive investment to construct a Barrage or Dam across a river estuary.This is comparable to construction of a massive dam for Hydro Power.This is perhaps the biggest disadvantage of this technology
 * 2) **Limited Locations** – The US DOE estimates that there are only about 40 locations in the world capable of supporting Tidal Barrages.This is because this Tidal Energy Technology requires sizable Tides for the Power Plant to be built.The limited number of locations is a big hurdle.
 * 3) **Effect on Marine Life** - The operation of commercial Tidal Power Stations has known to moderately affect the marine life around the Power Plant.It leads to disruption in movement and growth of fishes and other marine life.Can also lead to increase in silt.Turbines can also kill fish passing through it.
 * 4) **Immature Technology** – Except for Tidal Barrage,the other forms of Technology generating Tidal or Wave Power are quite immature,costly and unproven
 * 5) **Long Gestation Time** – The cost and time overruns can be huge for Tidal Power Plants leading to their cancellation just like that of the Severn Barrage in the UK.Many of the Tidal Power Stations like the gigantic Plant being planned in Russia will never come to fruition because of the very long gestation time.
 * 6) **Difficulty in Transmission of Tidal Electricity** – Some forms of Tidal Power generate power quite far away from the consumption of electricity.Transportation of Tidal Energy can be quite combersome and expensive.
 * 7) **Weather Effects** – Severe Weather like Storms and Typhoons can be quite devastating on the Tidal Power Equipment especially those place on the Sea Floor.
 * 8) website found Here
 * One [|disadvantage of natural gas] that is often credited as an advantage by experts, is that it's a non-renewable energy resource. It's availability is finite. Critics also point that their extraction leaves out large craters within the earth.
 * Is highly volatile (highly flammable), and can be dangerous, if handled carelessly.
 * Is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, that makes detection of its leak very difficult.
 * In gas pipelines, a substance (contains carbon monoxide) that has a strong odor is added to help detect a leak. But, these substances may be harmful and cause deaths. In fact, natural gas use is the most common cause of carbon monoxide deaths.
 * Constructing and managing such pipelines cost a lot.


 * Disadvantages:**
 * Nuclear energy produces radiation which consists of subatomic particles that penetrates deep inside the body and initiate cancer**
 * After the nuclear hit in Japan, survivors gave birth to disgusting, revolting and sometimes deformed children.**
 * if out enemies get a hold of our plants they could use it against us with the amount of pletonium that we use to make our power.**
 * Pletonium, the biproduct of nuclear reactors, has a half life of about 10 thousand years and is therefor hard to dispose of.**
 * Nuclear power plants are very expensive to build**
 * Uranium is not renewable and can lead to environmental problems through the mining and processing.**

[|disadvantages of nuclear]